The Scalp as a Biological System
In summary
- A healthy scalp needs an intact skin barrier, a neutral pH level, and a balanced microbiome of bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
- If the microbiome becomes imbalanced, dandruff, redness, and eventually hair loss can follow.
- Androgenetic hair loss affects around 3 billion people worldwide and is caused by dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is toxic to hair follicles and triggers cell death.
- Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks hair follicle cells and can begin as early as infancy.
The Scalp as a Biological System
What role does the scalp play in healthy hair growth?
What is the scalp's microbiome?
What does a healthy scalp look like from a scientific perspective?
What are the main causes of hair loss?
Have the causes of hair loss been scientifically researched?
Description
Healthy hair growth does not start at the hair, but at the scalp. An intact skin barrier, a neutral pH level, and a balanced microbiome determine whether the scalp is in good shape. The microbiome is the scalp's own ecosystem, made up of bacteria, fungi, and viruses. When that balance is disrupted, dandruff, redness, and eventually hair loss follow.
The two main forms of hair loss have different origins. Androgenetic hair loss affects around 3 billion people worldwide. It is caused by dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a breakdown product of testosterone that is toxic to hair follicles, triggers cell death, and sets off an inflammatory reaction. Because genetic factors vary between people, different treatments work differently for different individuals.
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease: the immune system attacks hair follicle cells. It can begin as early as infancy and, in extreme cases, lead to complete hair loss across the entire body.
Experts
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